How Keypads Really Work Beneath the Silicone

Molded keypads are used on devices such asMolded keypads that see occasional use, such as
television remote controls and cell phones. Thesea TV remote, work well with a weak click. Button
switches are simple in design and understandingpresses aren't rapid and the user has plenty of
their function makes it easier to request the righttime to react to the key press without needing
keypad for your application.the tactile feedback. However molded keypads
The Basic Key Structurethat are used more often, such as those used for
Molded keypads are mounted over a printedsending text messages, require a stronger click.
circuit. Underneath each key is a broken circuitUsers press keys very rapidly, often pressing the
that is completed when the key is pressed. Assame key many times in succession. A tactile
the circuit is completed, the electronics can detectresponse registers with the user long before the
and react to the key press appropriately.character appears on the screen, allowing for
Each key is a bead of silicone rubber held overfaster operation.
the circuit by a web or membrane, also made ofContact Materials
silicone. A conductive pill is mounted underneathThere are a number of choices for the
the key to complete the circuit when pressed.conductive surface on the underside of each key.
The space between this pill and the circuit is small,Each has advantages depending on the application.
generally on the order of a millimeter.The most popular choice is the carbon pill. Circular
When the key is pressed, the web collapses andor oval discs of carbon about a half-millimeter
the key falls allowing the conductive pill to comethick are mounted to the bottom of the key.
into contact with the circuit board. When pressureThey have a long life, typically more than 10
is released, the web causes the key to springmillion activations, so usually outlive the device.
back into its original position for another stroke.They have very low resistance however they
The Webbing and Snap Ratiocome in limited shapes and some keypads require
Design of the web is an important aspect ofa thinner contact.
molded keypads because it is the source of theOther molded keypads use contacts printed with
click - the tactile feedback users experience whencarbon ink. They are only a few microns thick so
a button is pressed. The design of the webwork in even the tightest space and can be
affects the activation force, the strength requiredcreated to accommodate any shape. However
to depress the key, and the contact force, thethey carry substantially higher resistance than pills
effort required to keep a key depressed. Thewhich can be a problem.
difference between these two forces determinesAn experienced manufacturer of custom keypads
how strong a click the user gets when pressingcan help you decide what features are right for
the button.your project.